Houston researchers have discovered how the immune checkpoint protein VISTA can inhibit tumor-fighting T-cells during immunotherapy, and innovative imaging techniques to track cancer therapy effectiveness early have been developed
This month, Houston is buzzing with groundbreaking scientific discoveries, particularly in the field of cancer research and immunotherapy. Here are some of the most significant developments that have emerged from Houston's renowned research institutions.
Researchers at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have made a pivotal discovery regarding the immune checkpoint protein VISTA. This protein can directly inhibit tumor-fighting T-cells during immunotherapy, presenting a significant challenge in treating certain cancers. The study found that VISTA binds to a protein called LRIG1 in T cells, which was previously known only for its role in bone and fat development. This binding effectively turns off the T-cells, making tumors resistant to treatment (ScienceDaily).
This discovery is crucial as it opens new avenues for developing therapies that can block this interaction, potentially improving the effectiveness of immunotherapy for patients with resistant cancers like glioblastoma. These findings not only offer hope for better cancer treatments but also underscore the importance of continuous research and innovation in immunotherapy (ScienceDaily).
Houston researchers are also pioneering advanced imaging techniques to track the effectiveness of cancer therapies. Scientists have identified a molecular flag that can help detect stressed or dying cancer cells by using a human protein called annexin. This protein binds to phosphatidylserine, a component of the cell membrane that moves to the cell's exterior when the cell is stressed or dying.
By attaching a radioactive compound to annexin, researchers can use imaging machines to trace this process, allowing them to monitor the success of chemotherapy much earlier than current methods. Early studies have shown that patients whose cancer cells exhibited stress or death signs immediately after treatment lived longer than those without these signs. This technique promises to significantly enhance the monitoring and adjustment of cancer treatments, leading to better patient outcomes (Science News) (Science News).
In another exciting development, researchers have discovered that exercise can spur neuron growth and rewire neural circuits in the hippocampus, helping to erase traumatic and addictive memories. This finding could pave the way for new treatments for mental health conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and addiction. The study highlighted how increased neuron formation through physical activity or genetic manipulation can help mice forget traumatic experiences, providing a potential new approach to managing these conditions in humans (ScienceDaily).
These discoveries highlight the vibrant scientific community in Houston and the city's role as a leader in medical research. The ongoing efforts in understanding and treating cancer, as well as improving mental health through innovative approaches, showcase the importance of continuous research and the potential for transformative health solutions. Stay tuned for more updates as Houston's scientists continue to push the boundaries of what's possible in science and medicine.
For more detailed information, visit the respective research publications and news articles from ScienceDaily and Science News.
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